Which group has increased supplement needs for folic acid and iron?

Pregnant and breastfeeding women have increased supplement needs for folic acid and iron due to the crucial roles these nutrients play during pregnancy and lactation. Folic acid is vital for fetal development, particularly for the formation of the neural tube, which impacts the baby's brain and spinal cord. Adequate levels of folic acid can help prevent major birth defects.

Iron is equally important during pregnancy because it supports the increased blood volume needed to nourish both the mother and the developing fetus. Additionally, a woman’s iron needs rise significantly to compensate for the iron that the baby stores for later use. During breastfeeding, iron continues to be essential as it contributes to the mother's energy levels and is also key for the baby's growth and development.

In contrast, while aging adults, infants, and active athletes have specific nutritional needs, they do not require the same heightened levels of folic acid and iron that are essential during pregnancy and breastfeeding for optimal health outcomes.