What can happen as a result of excessive sodium intake?

Excessive sodium intake can lead to high blood pressure, a condition also known as hypertension. When sodium levels in the body rise, it causes the body to retain water in order to balance out the sodium concentration. This increased blood volume puts additional pressure on blood vessel walls, leading to elevated blood pressure. Over time, high blood pressure can strain the heart and arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems.

In contrast to the correct choice, weight loss, improved metabolic rate, and increased energy levels are not directly linked to excessive sodium intake. While high sodium intake is often associated with the promotion of water retention, leading to weight gain rather than loss, it does not enhance metabolic rate or energy levels. These effects highlight the importance of regulating sodium consumption as part of a balanced diet for maintaining overall health.